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Monitoring Stash
Stash has native support for monitoring via Prometheus. You can use builtin Prometheus scraper or prometheus-operator to monitor Stash. This tutorial will show you how Prometheus monitoring works with Stash, what metrics Stash exports, and how to enable monitoring.
How Prometheus monitoring works
Stash uses Prometheus PushGateway to export the metrics for backup & restore operations. The following diagram shows the logical structure of the Stash monitoring flow.
Stash operator runs two containers. The operator container runs controllers and other necessary stuff and the pushgateway container runs prom/pushgateway image. Stash sidecar from different workloads and backup/restore jobs pushes its metrics to this pushgateway. The pushgateway exposes the metrics at /metrics path of :56789 port. Then, a Prometheus server scrapes these metrics through stash or stash-enterprise Service and acts as a data source of Grafana dashboard. Stash operator itself also provides some valuable metrics at /metrics path of :8443 port.
Available Metrics
Stash exports metrics for the backup process, restore process, repository status, etc. This section will list the metrics exported by Stash for different processes.
Backup Metrics
This section lists the metrics Stash exports for the backup process.
Backup Session Metrics:
A backup session represents a backup run. Stash exports the following metrics regarding the overall backup session.
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
stash_backup_session_success | Indicates whether the entire backup session was succeeded or not |
stash_backup_target_count_total | Indicates the total number of targets that were backed up in this backup session |
stash_backup_session_duration_seconds | Indicates total time taken to complete the entire backup session |
stash_backup_last_success_time_seconds | Indicates the time(in Unix epoch) when the last backup session was succeeded |
Backup Target Metrics: In each backup session, Stash takes backup of one or more targets. Stash exports the following metrics for the individual backup target.
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
stash_backup_target_success | Indicates whether the backup for a target has succeeded or not |
stash_backup_target_host_count_total | Indicates the total number of hosts that was backed up for this target |
stash_backup_target_last_success_time_seconds | Indicates the time (in Unix epoch) when the last backup was successful for this target |
Backup Host Metrics:
Stash may take a backup of multiple hosts for a single target. The following metrics are available for the individual backup hosts.
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
stash_backup_host_backup_success | Indicates whether the backup for a host succeeded or not |
stash_backup_host_data_size_bytes | Total size of the target data to backup for a host (in bytes) |
stash_backup_host_data_uploaded_bytes | Amount of data uploaded to the repository for a host (in bytes) |
stash_backup_host_files_total | Total number of files that has been backed up for a host |
stash_backup_host_files_new | Total number of new files that has been created since last backup for a host |
stash_backup_host_files_modified | Total number of files that has been modified since last backup for a host |
stash_backup_host_files_unmodified | Total number of files that has not been changed since last backup for a host |
stash_backup_host_backup_duration_seconds | Indicates total time taken to complete the backup process for a host |
stash_backup_host_data_processing_time_seconds | Total time taken to process the target data for a host |
Repository Metrics
Stash exports the following metrics for a repository.
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
stash_repository_integrity | Result of repository integrity check after the last backup |
stash_repository_size_bytes | Indicates size of repository after last backup (in bytes) |
stash_repository_snapshot_count | Indicates the number of snapshots stored in the repository |
stash_repository_snapshot_cleaned | Indicates the number of old snapshots cleaned up according to retention policy on last backup session |
Restore Metrics
This section lists the metrics Stash exports for the restore process.
Restore Session Metrics:
A restore session represents a restore run. Stash exports the following metrics regarding the overall restore process.
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
stash_restore_session_success | Indicates whether the entire restore session was succeeded or not |
stash_restore_session_duration_seconds | Indicates the total time taken to complete the entire restore session |
stash_restore_target_count_total | Indicates the total number of targets that were restored in this restore session |
Restore Target Metrics:
Stash restore one or more targets in each restore run. Stash exports the following metrics regarding a restore target.
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
stash_restore_target_success | Indicates whether the restore for a target has succeeded or not |
stash_restore_target_host_count_total | Indicates the total number of hosts that were restored for this restore target |
Restore Host Metrics:
Stash may restore multiple hosts for a single target. The following metrics are available for the individual restore host.
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
stash_restore_host_restore_success | Indicates whether the restore process was succeeded for a host |
stash_restore_host_restore_duration_seconds | Indicates the total time taken to complete the restore process for a host |
Operator Metrics
Following metrics are available for the Stash operator. These metrics are accessible through api endpoint of stash service.
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
apiserver_audit_event_total | Counter of audit events generated and sent to the audit backend. |
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds | Distribution of the remaining lifetime on the certificate used to authenticate a request. |
apiserver_current_inflight_requests | Maximal number of currently used inflight request limit of this apiserver per request kind in last second. |
apiserver_request_count | Counter of apiserver requests broken out for each verb, API resource, client, and HTTP response contentType and code. |
apiserver_request_latencies | Response latency distribution in microseconds for each verb, resource, and subresource. |
apiserver_request_latencies_summary | Response latency summary in microseconds for each verb, resource, and subresource. |
authenticated_user_requests | Counter of authenticated requests broken out by username. |
Pushgateway Metrics
The Pushgateway itself also exports some metrics related to Pushgateway build info, HTTP requests handled by it, Go process that running inside it, and CPU & Memory consumed by it, etc.
Build and Last Activity:
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
pushgateway_build_info | A metric with a constant ‘1’ value labeled by version, revision, branch, and goversion from which pushgateway was built. |
push_time_seconds | Last Unix time when this group was changed in the Pushgateway. |
CPU & Memory Related Metrics:
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
process_cpu_seconds_total | Total user and system CPU time spent in seconds. |
process_max_fds | Maximum number of open file descriptors. |
process_open_fds | Number of open file descriptors. |
process_resident_memory_bytes | Resident memory size in bytes. |
process_start_time_seconds | Start time of the process since unix epoch in seconds. |
process_virtual_memory_bytes | Virtual memory size in bytes. |
Go Environment Related Metrics:
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
go_gc_duration_seconds | A summary of the GC invocation durations. |
go_goroutines | Number of goroutines that currently exist. |
go_info | Information about the Go environment. |
go_memstats_alloc_bytes | Number of bytes allocated and still in use. |
go_memstats_alloc_bytes_total | Total number of bytes allocated, even if freed. |
go_memstats_buck_hash_sys_bytes | Number of bytes used by the profiling bucket hash table. |
go_memstats_frees_total | Total number of frees. |
go_memstats_gc_cpu_fraction | The fraction of this program’s available CPU time used by the GC since the program started. |
go_memstats_gc_sys_bytes | Number of bytes used for garbage collection system metadata. |
go_memstats_heap_alloc_bytes | Number of heap bytes allocated and still in use. |
go_memstats_heap_idle_bytes | Number of heap bytes waiting to be used. |
go_memstats_heap_inuse_bytes | Number of heap bytes that are in use. |
go_memstats_heap_objects | Number of allocated objects. |
go_memstats_heap_released_bytes_total | Total number of heap bytes released to OS. |
go_memstats_heap_sys_bytes | Number of heap bytes obtained from system. |
go_memstats_last_gc_time_seconds | Number of seconds since 1970 of last garbage collection. |
go_memstats_lookups_total | Total number of pointer lookups. |
go_memstats_mallocs_total | Total number of mallocs. |
go_memstats_mcache_inuse_bytes | Number of bytes in use by mcache structures. |
go_memstats_mcache_sys_bytes | Number of bytes used for mcache structures obtained from system. |
go_memstats_mspan_inuse_bytes | Number of bytes in use by mspan structures. |
go_memstats_mspan_sys_bytes | Number of bytes used for mspan structures obtained from system. |
go_memstats_next_gc_bytes | Number of heap bytes when next garbage collection will take place. |
go_memstats_other_sys_bytes | Number of bytes used for other system allocations. |
go_memstats_stack_inuse_bytes | Number of bytes in use by the stack allocator. |
go_memstats_stack_sys_bytes | Number of bytes obtained from system for stack allocator. |
go_memstats_sys_bytes | Number of bytes obtained by system. Sum of all system allocations. |
go_threads | Number of OS threads created. |
HTTP Request Related Metrics:
| Metric Name | Usage |
|---|---|
http_request_duration_microseconds | The HTTP request latencies in microseconds. |
http_request_size_bytes | The HTTP request sizes in bytes. |
http_requests_total | Total number of HTTP requests made. |
http_response_size_bytes | The HTTP response sizes in bytes. |
How to Enable Monitoring
You have to enable Prometheus monitoring during installing / upgrading Stash. The following parameters are available to configure monitoring in Stash.
| Helm Values | Acceptable Values | Default | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|
monitoring.agent | prometheus.io/builtin or prometheus.io/operator | none | Specify which monitoring agent to use for monitoring Stash. |
monitoring.backup | true or false | false | Specify whether to monitor Stash backup and restore. |
monitoring.operator | true or false | false | Specify whether to monitor Stash operator. |
monitoring.serviceMonitor.labels | any label | app: <generated app name> and release: <release name>. | Specify the labels for ServiceMonitor. Prometheus crd will select ServiceMonitor using these labels. Only usable when monitoring agent is prometheus.io/operator. |
You can enable monitoring in Stash as below,
New Installation
If you haven’t installed Stash yet, run the following command to enable Prometheus monitoring during installation
Helm 3:
$ helm install stash appscode/stash -n kube-system \
--version v2021.01.21 \
--set monitoring.agent=prometheus.io/operator \
--set monitoring.backup=true \
--set monitoring.operator=true \
--set monitoring.serviceMonitor.labels.k8s-app=prometheus \
--set-file license=/path/to/license-file.txt
Helm 2:
$ helm install appscode/stash --name stash -n kube-system \
--version v2021.01.21 \
--set monitoring.agent=prometheus.io/operator \
--set monitoring.backup=true \
--set monitoring.operator=true \
--set monitoring.serviceMonitor.labels.k8s-app=prometheus \
--set-file license=/path/to/license-file.txt
YAML (with Helm 3):
$ helm install stash appscode/stash -n kube-system \
--no-hooks \
--version v2021.01.21 \
--set monitoring.agent=prometheus.io/operator \
--set monitoring.backup=true \
--set monitoring.operator=true \
--set monitoring.serviceMonitor.labels.k8s-app=prometheus \
--set-file license=/path/to/license-file.txt | kubectl apply -f -
Existing Installation
If you have installed Stash already in your cluster but didn’t enable monitoring during installation, you can use helm upgrade command to enable monitoring in the existing installation.
Helm 3:
$ helm upgrade stash appscode/stash -n kube-system \
--reuse-values \
--set monitoring.agent=prometheus.io/operator \
--set monitoring.backup=true \
--set monitoring.operator=true \
--set monitoring.serviceMonitor.labels.k8s-apps=prometheus
Helm 2:
$ helm upgrade appscode/stash --name stash -n kube-system \
--reuse-values \
--set monitoring.agent=prometheus.io/operator \
--set monitoring.backup=true \
--set monitoring.operator=true \
--set monitoring.serviceMonitor.labels.k8s-apps=prometheus
YAML (with Helm 3):
$ helm upgrade stash appscode/stash -n kube-system \
--no-hooks \
--reuse-values \
--set monitoring.agent=prometheus.io/operator \
--set monitoring.backup=true \
--set monitoring.operator=true \
--set monitoring.serviceMonitor.labels.k8s-apps=prometheus | kubectl apply -f -